International causes 'Water terrorism by India'. Farmers clear out debris in an apple orchard damaged by floods ahead of the harvesting season in Quetta, Balochistan, April 10, 2023. 2, pp. Recently, after a series of . Similarly, river water also receding to 800m3/y is expected in 2026 due to growing population. It will save Pakistan from defaulting on debt, but analysts say the country needs $20 billion in the next two years to return foreign loans with interest. A. J. McMichael, D. H. Campbell-Lendrum, C. F. Corvaln, and K. L. Ebi, Andrew githeko, joel D. Scheraga, and alistair woodward, Climate Change and Human Health: Risks and Responses, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland, pp. 4. Pakistan has serious issues with access to clean water, especially in large metropolitan cities like Karachi. Moreover, roughly 80% of the population is facing grave shortage of water during at least 1 month in a year which is very alarming. Water is essential, whether for livelihoods, health, food security, or general economic de- . Asia, Central Province wise loss suffered because of heavy rain fall [. The lack of progress in agricultural sector is also linked with the mismanagement of land and water resources, unsatisfactory policies of water governance, exponential population growth, and the negative impacts of climate change. A famous professor of dermatology at Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, says there has been a sharp increase in skin problems associated with cosmetics in the past few years. Pakistan is a lower riparian state reliant on the nature and other countries for rivers water. M. Lederer, The AP interview: Pakistani leader details flood devastation, AP NEWS, September, vol. An In-Depth Analysis of Physical Blue and Green . The availability of clean drinking water is biggest national security challenge for Pakistan today. The climate change is happening right now, and its effects are being felt around the world [6]. M. Deng, D. Qin, and H. Zhang, Public perceptions of climate and cryosphere change in typical arid inland river areas of China: facts, impacts and selections of adaptation measures, Quaternary International, vol. 1, pp. Due to which Pakistan is included in the most water-stressed country in South Asia. The severity of flood catastrophe activities represents a constant and severe issue in the world. A. Katakam and R. Birsel, Floods in Pakistan, Reuters, p. 2022, August 31. Pakistan is essentially running on foreign loans, an economic model that only leads to borrowing more, which eventually results in bankruptcy. Scientists have been talking about the infamous black hole in the Antarctic region for years. The summers produced extreme temperatures which resulted in unusual melting of glaciers in northern areas of Pakistan resulting in partial collapse of bridge near Hassanabad in Hunza [10] as shown in Figure 2. The objective must be to strengthen water governance and strategic water planning to build resilience in the face of a changing climate and growing water demands.. water are having a disproportionate impact on the regions and people who actually get water. When the recent stampedes over food flooded social media, so did the deeper questions: How did the country end up here? In, Read More Pak Militarys Doctrinal NeedsContinue, Mehnaz Majeed Omicron is the fifth wave of Covid-19 spreading in the world. 1, p. 144, 2020. S. L. Postel, G. C. Daily, and P. R. Ehrlich, Human appropriation of renewable fresh water, Science, vol. Su-L. Tan, Pakistan is bearing the brunt of the climate crisis despite small carbon footprint, minister says, CNBC, vol. 1, pp. The analysis presented highlights the severe impacts of climate change on Pakistan ranging from extreme heat and drought to dreadful floods. I. Sajid, B. Tischbein, C. Borgemeister, and M. Flrke, Performance evaluation and water availability of canal irrigation scheme in Punjab Pakistan, Water, vol. The rising temperatures are causing rapid melting of glaciers in northern areas and unusual rains as seen in monsoon this year have created mayhem through floods, unprecedented in Pakistans history in last 30 years. In the years when rainfall is normal or above,the country generally doesnt face any water shortage,where as in below average rainfall period it does. Figure 1 shows the sectoral usage of available water in Pakistan. But the recent research in the year 2022 has discovered a hole in the Tropics (Tropics are the regions of the Earth near the equator) which is seven times bigger than the Antarctic region [16]. The construction of more water reservoirs is the need of time and current floods across Pakistan are the testimony of this fact. In year 2022 floods, these losses have increased manifolds and caused unprecedented damages to natural water resources. 6, pp. Homes once inhabited by resistance fighters are specifically targeted to send a message to residents of what lies in store if they engage in anti-junta activities. Climate change and managing water crisis: Pakistan's perspective 112, 2019. Although the water scarcity has emerged as a global challenge today, it has severely hit the underdeveloped countries like Pakistan with serious implications on all sectors. Implementation of water-related policies requires a great deal of realization and urgency on the part of the political elites of Pakistan. 1392913942, 2014. M. Soomro, M. Khokhar, W. Hussain, and M. Hussain, Drinking Water Quality Challenges in Pakistan, Pakistan Council of Research in Water Resources, Lahore, pp. The more alarming situation is that, despite all this, the industrialized countries are less concerned by the deteriorating ozone and increase in global warming. H. M. Nazir, I. Hussain, M. I. Zafar, Z. Ali, and N. M. AbdEl-Salam, Classification of drinking water quality index and identification of significant factors, Water Resources Management, vol. The Pakistan Council of Research in Water Resources (PCRWR) is assigned the task of ensuring clean drinking water across Pakistan. 6672, 2015. Although, Pakistan remains significantly low on the global CO2 emissions list, yet the effects of global warming have reached Pakistan in a sweeping manner [34]. Water crisis in Pakistan and its impact on economy. Irrigation water use can increase to meet growing food demands if efficiency improvements are made. Pakistans current GDP, per capita income, and GDP growth are the lowest in its neighborhood; only war-torn Afghanistans economy is weaker. Anila Mahfuz Durani is taking great steps for higher education department. 12, no. 2, pp. More than 80% of Pakistan lies in the arid and semi-arid zones,characterized by highly erratic,unpredictable and low precipitation,excessive evapo-transpiration and high summer temperature. Experts warn such a catastrophic event would impact . Highlights include: calling on the political leadership to actively take up the water cause, improving agricultural water use efficiency, maintaining and upgrading existing water. Poor sanitation and a lack of wastewater treatment cause water-borne diseases that kill 40,000 children each year. This research argues that water security is the emerging national security challenge for Pakistan. 567571, 2006. The evolving situation has serious implications on the national security of Pakistan, as it will create challenges for sustainable agriculture production which contributes around 23% of Pakistans Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and creates job opportunities for around 42% of population [28]. Credit: Sana Batool Advertisement ORANGI, KARACHI Thirteen-year-old Kaneez Sughra, a resident of Pakistan's Orangi. Pakistan's Shifting Political and Economic Winds 184190, 2015. This has happened just few weeks earlier. Introduction Global water scarcity is a leading challenge for continued human development and achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals 1, 2. Water Scarcity Crisis in Pakistan: Causes, Effects, Solutions - Envpk.com The pollution of water due to geological and natural factors depends on the presence of different chemicals and their concentration in the geological formations in selected areas, while anthropogenic pollution is caused by extensive use of herbicides and pesticides, coal mining, oil refining, careless disposal of garbage, and septic tanks [43]. The quality of available drinking water in Pakistan is in a dreadful state. However, if the IPCC Report is correct - which it almost certainly is - by. The Global Climate Index (GCI) 2021 has also vindicated Pakistans vulnerabilities to climate risks as shown in Table 1 below, where Pakistan stands number 8 [21] in the vulnerability Index. Similarly, international engagements would be essential component for successful policy implementation; therefore, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Ministry of Climate Change should remove overlaps and avoid duplications wherever required. 'We can't escape': climate crisis is driving up cost of living in the Pakistan's Water Crisis: Why a National Water Policy is Needed This has led to an . 2022-2023 Pakistani economic crisis - Wikipedia Achieving the food supply and improving the quality of life totally depend on the availability of fresh water. If the water crisis in Pakistan is not solved, the impact felt by people in the country will worsen. 11, no. The significant findings of this study are that in Pakistan, 50% diseases spread through contaminated water and provide most suitable medium of spread and transfer various bacterial and viral infections from human to human or animals to human as the country is facing the 40% of mortality rate caused by the contaminated water intake, while the frontline victims of waterborne diseases are pregnant women, newly born babies, and early teenage groups. J. 2, pp. All related agencies and departments should work in harmony with this ministry for synergetic response. The UNICEF warns about the availability and use of water in a nicely crafted statement that the world needs to get water smart, and everyone has to realize that they have a role to play, and we cannot afford to wait [5]. The common causes are an upsurge in the atmospheric temperatures, with an inbuilt tendency to take heat to the threshold of drinking water, microbes, organic chemicals, nutrients, and heavy metals [41]. 21, no. Causes of water crisis in Pakistan. Food and energy security is directly influenced by water security for agrarian society like Pakistan, which contributes more than 23% in national GDP. The study examines the impact of climate change on Pakistan during the year 2022, resulting into unprecedented heatwave and drought in summers followed by the abnormal rains and floods during monsoon season. The recent floods have further aggravated the situation as vast swaths of land in Pakistan is still under water, which is now contaminated causing several health issues. 11, pp. Pakistan's Water Crisis | Water | Al Jazeera The country is facing extreme weather events leading to water scarcity. Pakistan is heavily relying on agricultural sector for its international exports and domestic food demands, but in the presence of water crisis and conventional irrigation system for its agricultural production, the country will face severe challenges of water scarcity in times to come. Pakistan is in dire need of installing treatment plants as every year, hospitals are flooded with patients, both adults and children suffering from diseases resulting from contaminated water. Asia, Pacific 122, 2021. The field visits to rural and urban Sindh, KPK, and Baluchistan vindicated scarcity and contamination of drinking water, which has been reported by several NGOs and media as well. The growing depletion of the ozone layer is resulting in increased Ultraviolet (UV) radiations level on the surface of Earth, which has detrimental impact on human health resulting in cancer and weak immune system [14]. But it is still too early to conclude whether CPEC debts will drain the Pakistani economy or open up opportunities for growth in the future. Pakistan has been blessed with regular agricultural cycles that have sustained its economy through successive crises. The problem of water shortage has worsened terribly due to the alarming rate of water usage in Pakistan - the fourth highest in the world - while the water intensity rate (the amount of water used per unit GDP) is, unsettlingly, the highest in the world. M. Y. Panhwar, S. Panhwar, H. A. Keerio et al., Water quality analysis of old and new Phuleli Canal for irrigation purpose in the vicinity of Hyderabad, Pakistan, Water Practice and Technology, vol. From few recent years, the water quantity in Pakistan is becoming low. After the 18th amendment, the allocation of resources to the provinces has been ensured to be judicious; however, the internal distribution of these resources to the rural and urban areas is the responsibility of the provinces. M. Kirby, M. u D. Ahmad, M. Mainuddin, T. Khaliq, and M. Cheema, Agricultural production, water use and food availability in Pakistan: historical trends, and projections to 2050, Agricultural Water Management, vol. Overall, the resulting GDP losses might reach . Pakistans Prime Minister has already rung the alarm bells by stating that Pakistan is vulnerable to serious food shortage, and it is feared that essential food items may be imported this year and next year as all cultivable lands are under water [50]. The devolution of power under 18th amendment of the constitution, devolved the water distribution among the rural and urban areas of each province as an internal matter of the provinces; however, water crises remain at large seriously impacting inter-provincial harmony. There is no denying the fact that the world we live in today is far more vulnerable and affected by the negative impacts of climate change. The men and material losses are enormous and therefore, Pakistan is likely to face water crisis, food shortages, and serious implications for human security. Coupled with uneven rain flow,the climatic vagrancy has placed Pakistan in a critical water supply environment. 1549, pp. The expanding presence of China-based companies in Latin America, and the security problems they have experienced there, creates an inherent demand for Chinese private security companies. While skin problems are visible, cosmetics could have other hazardous impacts, Muhammad Ali Baig Sir Julian Corbett, a British maritime strategist said during World War-I that doctrine is the soul of warfare. D. Eckstein, K. Vera, and L. Schafer, Global Climate Risk Index 2021, Berlin Germany, German Watch, January 31, 2021. 78, no. As much as the Chinese government has supported Pakistans infrastructure development through CPEC, which Pakistan is determined to benefit economically from in the future, for now, the federal government is having to repeatedly turn to the Chinese for refinancing and a rollover of debts. 14, 2022. However, this accord was unable to deal with the conflicts arising due to unfair distribution of water at times. There are two main reasons,one natural due to prolong drought which is beyond the control of a man,and the other due to the gross negligence in the development and the mismanagement of water resourcesLow rainfall/snowfall:Pakistan has entered in to third lean period of precipitation. The issue that industrialized countries failed to realize that the environment does not belong to a single country and when one country damages the ozone layer, the entire world would pay the price for that. The Human Development Index, which measures a countrys achievements through three basic dimensions health, knowledge, and standards of living placed Pakistan in the 161st position out of 185 countries in 2022. The developed countries remain aloof of devastating effects of greenhouse gas emission is causing to the ozone layer. (i) Construction of Wullar barrage on River Jhelum. Around 80% population is exposed to unsafe water as UNICEF Pakistan has also shared the alarming fact that the well-being and health standards of youngsters are at risk; therefore, each year, 53,000 children under the age of 5 years lose their lives due to unhygienic water as 70% of household work and domestic usage of water in Pakistan is dependent on bacterial water sources. October 17, 2022 A river drying up close to Malisi, a city in southern Punjab. 12, no. A. Guterres, Flood-hit Pakistan, Guterres appeals for massive global support, tougher action on climate change, UNIX News, vol. Dateline Philippines | ANC (21 July 2023) - Facebook

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