[340] [68] Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson ascended to the presidency. 36 W Liberty St, Sumter, SC 29150 In January 2001, Thurmond endorsed his son Strom Thurmond Jr. for federal prosecutor in South Carolina in a recommendation to the Senate. "JURIST The My Lai Massacre Trial", JURIST The My Lai Massacre Trial. [278] On May 26, 1999, the Senate voted on an amendment to a spending bill exonerating Husband E. Kimmel and Walter C. Short of charges of failing to anticipate the attack on Pearl Harbor that led to American involvement in World War II. [296] Her UDC application was not approved while she was alive. Senator Strom Thurmond of South Carolina, 1969. [293] Many close friends, staff members, and South Carolina residents had long suspected that Washington-Williams was Thurmond's daughter,[294] as they had noted his interest in her. Thurmond won 39 electoral votes. The Last Dixiecrat | The Heritage Foundation [82], In 1965, L. Mendel Rivers became chairman of the House Armed Services Committee, commentator Wayne King crediting Thurmond's involvement with Rivers as giving Rivers' district "an even dozen military installations that are said to account for onethird to onehalf of the jobs in the area. But he did meet with them in Birmingham as they organized the States' Rights Democratic Party, or Dixiecrats. Retrieved February 10, 2021. In June, upon her graduation, Thurmond hired her as his personal secretary. In 1994, at age 92, Thurmond became chairman of the Armed Services Committee and president pro tempore of the Senate. He and Thurmond served together for just over 36 years, making them the longest-serving Senate duo in American history. In 1980, Thurmond became chairman of the Senate Judiciary Committee and eventually supported renewal of the Voting Rights Act. [44] In early 1956, he resigned from the Senate, keeping the promise he made two years earlier. Senate. Dixiecrats | South Carolina Encyclopedia Thurmond received black support in his 1978 re-election and African-Americans were noted to "praise their onetime nemesis as a driving force behind the influx of more federal dollars to the state's minority neighborhoods. [53] In the 1960 United States presidential election, Thurmond refused to back the Democratic nominee, his senate colleague John F. Kennedy, due to the latter's support for civil rights. Thurmond became Edgefield County's director of education in 1929. "[158] Speaking on the Panama Canal neutrality treaty, Thurmond said it was "the big giveaway of the century. [67] Thurmond expressed the view that a conspiracy would be found by investigators to have been responsible for JFK's death. [42] Thurmond co-wrote the first version of the Southern Manifesto, stating disagreement with the 1954 U.S. Supreme Court ruling in Brown v. Board of Education, that desegregated public schools. [215], Thurmond was a supporter of the foreign policy of the Reagan administration. [139] In October, after President Nixon ordered the firing of independent special prosecutor Archibald Cox, Democrat Birch Bayh charged Thurmond with "browbeating" Cox during Senate Judiciary Committee hearings on the firing. [138] Thurmond's memo and attachment, received by the White House on February 7, 1972, initiated the Nixon administration's persecution of John Lennon that threatened the former Beatle with deportation for nearly five years from 1972 to 1976. Strom Thurmond at 100 : NPR On February 4, 1972, Thurmond sent a secret memo to William Timmons (in his capacity as an aide to Richard Nixon) and United States Attorney General John N. Mitchell, with an attached file from the Senate Internal Security Subcommittee, urging that British musician John Lennon (then living in New York City) be deported from the United States as an undesirable alien, due to Lennon's political views and activism. Several senators who voted against you have told me they would vote for you if they had it to do again. It was alleged that she spoke with her husband several times each day, and he stayed at her house several times each month, whenever he returned to South Carolina. [71] Thurmond also suggested that Collins had sought to fault southern leaders for President Kennedy's assassination. [57] In August 1961, Thurmond formally requested the Senate Armed Services Committee to vote on whether to vote for "a conspiracy to muzzle military anti-Communist drives." [175] In October, President Carter signed the Federal Magistrate Act of 1979, an expansion of the jurisdiction of American magistrates in regards to civil and criminal cases. Photo provided by the s.c. [312] According to The New York Times, Thurmond had been known for fondling women in Senate elevators, and did not realize Murray was a fellow senator. Her name has been added to those of his other children on a monument to Thurmond installed at the statehouse grounds. 9 Deeply Unsettling Facts About Strom Thurmond - Ranker The White House responded that Ford was too busy to meet with Solzhenitsyn, while later sources indicate Ford declined the meeting at the counsel of his advisors. [209][210] Thurmond granted Alabama Senator Jeremiah Denton an hour of questioning of O'Connor, twice the time allotted for other members of the chamber. [164] The higher amount of African-Americans voting in elections was taken into account by the Ravenel campaign, which sought to gain this group of voters by reviving interest in older statements by Thurmond. "[83] In his 1966 re-election campaign, the new Republican senator faced no opposition in the primary,[84] and competed against Bradley Morrah Jr. in the general election campaign. Thurmond was one of the five Republicans to vote against Mikva. [236] In 1987, after President Reagan nominated Robert Bork as Associate Justice on the Supreme Court,[237] the Los Angeles Times noted Thurmond as "one of Bork's key supporters on the Judiciary Committee. Thurmond was a member of the Democratic Party until 1964 when he joined the Republican Party for the remainder of his . Thurmond married his second wife, Nancy Janice Moore, on December 22, 1968. "[259] Thurmond, then age 87, billed himself as having the health of a man in his fifties. The young woman had been granted a degree of access to Thurmond more typical of a family member than to a member of the public. Later, Thurmond would switch to the Republican Party. [310], According to NBC News in 2017, it was widely acknowledged around Congress that Thurmond inappropriately touched women throughout his career. It has been described as the first such appointment by a member of the South Carolina congressional delegation (it was incorrectly reported by many sources as the first senatorial appointment of an African American, but Mississippi Senator Pat Harrison had hired clerk-librarian Jesse Nichols in 1937). [185], After Republicans won a majority in the 1980 Senate election,[186] Thurmond pledged that he would seek a death penalty law,[187] and stated his conviction that "the death penalty is a deterrent to crime" in an interview the following year. At age 68 in 1971, Thurmond fathered the first of four children with Nancy, who was then 25. [98] On the third day of hearings, Thurmond questioned Fortas over Mallory v. United States (1957), a case taking place before Fortas's tenure, but for which he was nonetheless held responsible by Thurmond. After a successful military career in World War II, he was elected governor. [280] The new party collapsed after Truman still won the election, and Thurmond became a Republican in the 1960s. [41] In July, Thurmond supported the Republican Eisenhower Administration's bill for an expanded military reserve law over the alternate plan proposed by fellow Democratic Senator Richard Russell. [104], In the lead-up to the 1968 United States Presidential election, Thurmond stated that President Johnson could be defeated in a re-election bid by a Republican challenger since the candidate was likely to be less obnoxious than the president. Who's Who in 'Oppenheimer': A Guide to the Real People - The New York Times Thurmond had initially opposed the measure and changed his vote at the last minute.[281]. [168] In July, as the Senate weighed voting on the nomination of Assistant Attorney General Patricia M. Wald to the United States Court of Appeals in Washington, Thurmond joined Paul Laxalt and Alan Simpson recorded their opposition. In 1966, former governor Ernest "Fritz" Hollings won South Carolina's other Senate seat in a special election. Thurmond's much-hyped "reconciliation" with the black community over the years has come about not because Thurmond became a civil rights supporterhe clearly isn'tbut because Thurmond . Why did Strom Thurmond switch parties? - Quora African American's ability to exercise their rights to voite in South Carolina led to Thurmond's change. 803-774-1200 Strom Thurmond - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia On September 13, 1947, Thurmond proposed marriage by calling Crouch to his office to take a dictated letter. In 1952, Thurmond endorsed Republican Dwight Eisenhower for the presidency, rather than the Democratic nominee Adlai Stevenson, but Stevenson still narrowly carried South Carolina in the general election. Historical Society A young Strom Thurmond is shown. Strom Thurmond had an odd beginning to his Senate career. Buchanan, Scott E. "The dixiecrat rebellion: LongTerm partisan implications in the deep south." Michael Anderson Updated September 23, 20219 items Any Senator Strom Thurmond biography is likely to paint the United States' longest-serving senator as a complicated man who had a strong hand in shaping American politics for nearly half a century. In his 1996 re-election campaign, Thurmond received primary opposition from Harold G. Worley and Charlie Thompson, and the question of age appeared again, given that he was 93 years old at the time. Thurmond also defended the Vietnam policy of the Nixon administration, saying that the president was making the best of the situation that he had inherited from Kennedy and Johnson while admitting he personally favored a total victory in the war. Thurmond became governor of South Carolina in 1946 when he beat the incumbent governor, Ransome J. Williams, (and nine other candidates) in the South Carolina gubernatorial race. [74] During the campaign, Thurmond told reporters that he believed Barry Goldwater could carry South Carolina and other southern states. Prior to his 48 years as a senator, he served as the 103rd governor of South Carolina from 1947 to 1951. In 1964, he switched parties and gave his support to Republican presidential candidate Barry Goldwater. Lewis Strauss (played by Robert Downey Jr.) Robert Downey Jr. plays the man who campaigned to revoke Oppenheimer's security clearance. Which explains, I believe, why Joseph Crespino, a professor of history at Emory University, begins his biography of Strom Thurmond (1902-2003) with these incendiary words: "Strom Thurmond is . Thurmond became the head of the Armed Services Committee following the 1994 Republican Revolution, in which the Republican Party gained eight seats in the Senate and gained a majority in both chambers. Thurmond had initially opposed the measure and changed his vote at the last minute. [248] A week later, as the Senate opened debate on proposals aimed at ending both the supply of dangerous drugs as well as their demand, Thurmond offered changes to criminal law in the form of amendments that would include imposing the death penalty for drug traffickers guilty of murder and an expansion of the proposal that would add the death penalty for other federal crimes, such as espionage and hostage taking. Peterson stressed, however, that Thurmond's popularity was "being put to a severe test" in his efforts to help John Connolly win the South Carolina primary. Brock replied to Thurmond weeks later, asserting that he had "every intention" of fulfilling his commitment to Congress "to take account of the import sensitivity of specific products" in the agreement and that Israel had acknowledged the irregularity of export subsidy programs "with the concept of a free-trade area. [48] Other Southern senators, who had agreed as part of a compromise not to filibuster this bill, were upset with Thurmond because they thought his defiance made them look incompetent to their constituents. The Dixiecrats won most of the deep South, where, in Alabama, Truman was not even on the ballot. Thurmond organised a write-in campaign for the vacant Senate seat. He was 100 years old. Thereafter, he returned to the Senate in November 1956. In 1957, the Eisenhower administration introduced an amended version the Civil Rights Bill, imposing expansion of federal supervision of integration in Southern states. "[318] Former Slate senior writer Timothy Noah wrote that Thurmond's most significant political contribution was his backing of segregation and myths had been construed on the part of his contemporaries to explain his continued wielding of national influence. [262] Thurmond charged the Democratic proposal with aiding criminals and furthering the loss of rights on the part of victims. In June 1974, Senator Henry M. Jackson informed Chairman of the Senate Armed Services Committee John C. Stennis that he had arranged for Thurmond to cosponsor an amendment revising the present export control system and restricting trade with the Soviet Union while granting the Defense Secretary power to veto any export that might "significantly increase the military capability" of either the Soviet Union or other Communist countries.

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